- Sit up and lean forward with arms supported, for example on a table
- Stand and lean forward – gaining support, if necessary from a table or chair positioned in front of the patient
- Sit at a table with head resting on pillows or forearms or stand upright with hips and back leaning against a wall
- Cool air directed at the face via a fan may help or sitting by an open window, this usually avoids the need for oxygen to be given to the patient
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